Sexual activity is often seen as a pleasurable and intimate experience, but like any physical activity, it can occasionally lead to injuries. While many injuries are minor and temporary, some require medical attention. Understanding common sex-related injuries can help individuals prevent them and maintain healthy sexual experiences.
- Friction-Related Injuries
One of the most common injuries involves skin irritation or abrasions due to friction. This can occur from prolonged or vigorous activity, insufficient lubrication, or the use of sex toys. Symptoms may include redness, soreness, or mild swelling of the genitals during or after sex. Using adequate lubrication and taking breaks from sexual activity can help prevent this. Water-based or silicone-based lubricants are often recommended for minimizing friction. Fortunately, skin irritation will usually heal in a few days, assuming the individual avoids any further vigorous sexual activity. If the irritation persists, it is a good idea to see a healthcare provider to rule out skin allergies or another issue that needs treatment.
- Muscle Strains and Cramps
Sex involves various physical movements, and overexertion can lead to muscle strains, particularly in the back, thighs, or pelvis. Awkward positions, sudden movements, or prolonged activity can increase the risk of strains. Furthermore, certain erectile dysfunction medications can cause muscle soreness, which might contribute to the issue. To avoid these injuries, consider stretching before sex, choose comfortable positions, and listen to your body’s limits. If this is a recurring problem, you could also try using aids such as sex pillows or wedges to get into a more comfortable position for sexual activity.
- Penile Fracture
Although rare, a penile fracture is one of the most alarming injuries. It occurs when the erect penis is bent forcefully, causing a rupture in the tunica albuginea, the tissue surrounding the erectile chambers. This can happen during vigorous intercourse or accidents involving sudden pressure. Symptoms include a popping sound, pain, swelling, bruising, and the immediate loss of the erection. Penile fractures are a medical emergency and require immediate treatment to prevent complications such as erectile dysfunction or curvature.
- Vaginal Tears
Vaginal tears can occur due to insufficient lubrication, rough intercourse, or postpartum or postmenopausal changes that make vaginal tissues more fragile. These tears can cause bleeding, discomfort, or pain during or after sex. To reduce the risk, ensure adequate arousal, use lubricants, and communicate openly with your partner about comfort levels. For postmenopausal women, vaginal dryness and fragility may be a sign of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Women experiencing GSM symptoms should see their OBGYN to discuss other treatments beyond lubricant, such as local estrogen.
- Anogenital Injuries
Injuries to the anus or rectum can occur during anal sex if there is insufficient lubrication or forceful penetration. These injuries may involve minor tears, bleeding, or soreness. Because the rectum lacks natural lubrication, it is crucial to use plenty of lubricant and go slowly to reduce the risk of injury. If you have experienced this type of injury, it may be helpful to use a stool softener to avoid hard bowel movements in the aftermath, and it is important to visit a healthcare provider if the area does not heal.
- Sex Toy-Related Injuries
Improper use of sex toys can result in injuries such as cuts, bruises, or even objects becoming stuck. Choosing high-quality toys, using them as directed, and avoiding inserting non-intended objects can help prevent injuries. For example, sex toys with a flared base can prevent the risk of a toy getting stuck inside during penetration. If a toy does become stuck, seeking medical help promptly is essential to avoid further complications.
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
While not technically an injury, UTIs are a common post-sex complication, particularly in women. Bacteria can be introduced into the urethra during intercourse, leading to symptoms such as burning during urination, frequent urination, and pelvic discomfort. Urinating after sex can help reduce the risk of UTIs.
Prevention Tips
- Communication: Talk openly with your partner about boundaries and comfort levels.
- Lubrication: Use a suitable lubricant to reduce friction and discomfort.
- Hygiene: Maintain good personal hygiene and clean any toys before and after use.
- Pace: Avoid overly vigorous or prolonged activity to minimize strain and injury.
- Preparation: Stretch or warm up before engaging in physically demanding positions.
While most sex-related injuries are minor, knowing how to prevent and address them can enhance safety and comfort. If you experience significant pain, swelling, or persistent symptoms after an injury, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly.
For more information on this topic, please read these publications from the ISSM Journals: The Journal of Sexual Medicine, Sexual Medicine Reviews, and Sexual Medicine Open Access:
The Influence of Sexual Orientation and Sexual Role on Male Grooming-Related Injuries and Infections
A review of the literature and proposed algorithm for penile fracture management
References:
Franco, A. V. M. (2005). Recurrent urinary tract infections. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 19(6), 861-873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2005.08.003
Goldstein, A. T., Pukall, C. F., Goldstein, I., Krapf, J. M., Goldstein, S. W., & Goldstein, G. (Eds.). (2020). Female sexual pain disorders: Evaluation and management. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119482598
Jones, J. S., Rossman, L., Hartman, M., & Alexander, C. C. (2003). Anogenital injuries in adolescents after consensual sexual intercourse. Academic Emergency Medicine, 10(12), 1378-1383. https://doi.org/10.1197/S1069-6563(03)00555-4
Koifman, L., Barros, R., Júnior, R. A., Cavalcanti, A. G., & Favorito, L. A. (2010). Penile fracture: diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of 150 patients. Urology, 76(6), 1488-1492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2010.05.043
You may also be interested in...
Other Popular Articles
What Is Jelqing, and Does It Actually Work?
The term “jelqing” refers to a set of penis stretching exercises that some believe can make the penis bigger. Although the practice has gained attention and popularity in blogs and internet forums in recent years, there is no scientific evidence that it is an effective way to permanently increase the size of one’s penis. In fact, in some cases, jelqing may actually cause damage to the penis, so it is a good idea to get all the facts before setting off to try it.
What Is Sensate Focus and How Does It Work?
Sensate focus is a technique used to improve intimacy and communication between partners around sex, reduce sexual performance anxiety, and shift away from ingrained, goal-oriented sexual patterns that may not be serving a couple.
What Is the Average Penis Size?
If you have ever wondered how your penis compares to others in terms of size, you are not alone. Many men are curious to know how their penises stack up compared to the average. Unfortunately, general curiosity can sometimes give way to full-on obsession and anxiety about penis size. This can be an unhealthy and often unnecessary fixation, especially because most men who think their penises are too small have perfectly normal-sized penises.
Can Sex Reduce Menstrual Cramps?
The SMSNA periodically receives and publishes ‘guest editorials.’ The current article was submitted by Mia Barnes, a freelance writer and researcher who specializes in women's health, wellness, and healthy living. She is the Founder and Editor-in-Chief of Body+Mind Magazine.
Having sex while you experience menstrual cramps is healthy and can provide significant benefits. While it might not be the first activity that comes to mind when your PMS or period cramping begins, many people enjoy sex to reduce menstrual cramps, experience increased pleasure and benefit from other advantages. Learn more about having sex while menstrual cramps are happening and how it can help your body.
What Is Edging and Why Do People Do It?
Edging is the practice of stopping sexual stimulation before reaching orgasm to prolong a sexual experience. The term stems from the concept of approaching the metaphorical “edge” of orgasm but stopping before going over the edge.
The Sex-Positivity Movement: What it Means to Be Sex-Positive
You may have heard references to “being sex-positive” or “the sex-positivity movement” in popular culture. Various celebrities have brought attention to this movement by speaking out about their beliefs and personal experiences regarding sexuality, sexual health, body positivity, “slut-shaming,” and sexual assault.
